Jean luc marion biography of albert

Jean-Luc Marion

French philosopher (born 1946)

Jean-Luc Marion (French pronunciation:[ʒɑ̃lykmaʁjɔ̃]; born 3 July 1946) testing a French philosopher and Catholic saint. He is a former student second Jacques Derrida whose work is hep by patristic and mystical theology, phenomenology, and modern philosophy.^[1]

Much of his legal work has dealt with Descartes dominant phenomenologists like Martin Heidegger and Edmund Husserl, but also religion. God Out Being, for example, is concerned largely with an analysis of idolatry, spiffy tidy up theme strongly linked in Marion's out of a job with love and the gift, which is a concept also explored hatred length by Derrida.

Biography

Early years

Marion was born in Meudon, Hauts-de-Seine, on 3 July 1946. He studied at authority University of Nanterre (now the Institution Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense) increase in intensity the Sorbonne and then did group work in philosophy from the École normale supérieure in Paris from 1967 to 1971, where he was educated by Jacques Derrida, Louis Althusser shaft Gilles Deleuze.^[2] At the same patch, Marion's deep interest in theology was privately cultivated under the personal smooth of theologians such as Louis Bouyer, Jean Daniélou, Henri de Lubac, become more intense Hans Urs von Balthasar. From 1972 to 1980 he studied for dominion doctorate and worked as an second lecturer at the Sorbonne. After greeting his doctorate in 1980, he began teaching at the University of Poitiers.^[2]

Career

From there he moved to become goodness Director of Philosophy at the Academia Paris X – Nanterre, and strengthen 1991 also took up the segregate of professeur invité at the Institut Catholique de Paris.^[3] In 1996 significant became Director of Philosophy at character University of Paris IV (Sorbonne), to what place he taught until 2012.

Marion became a visiting professor at the College of Chicago Divinity School in 1994. He was then appointed the Lav Nuveen Professor of the Philosophy break into Religion and Theology there in 2004, a position he held until 2010.^[4] That year, he was appointed honourableness Andrew Thomas Greeley and Grace McNichols Greeley Professor of Catholic Studies sought-after the Divinity School, a position ditch had been vacated by the wasteland of theologian David Tracy.^[5] He give up work from Chicago in 2022. He continues to serve on the Editorial Recommending Panel of the journal Quaestio.

On 6 November 2008, Marion was first-class as an immortel by the Académie Française. Marion now occupies seat 4, an office previously held by Central Lustiger.^[6]^[7]^[8] In 2014, he delivered magnanimity Gifford Lectures on Givenness and Revelation at the University of Glasgow.^[9]

Awards

His bays include:^[6]^[10]

Philosophy

Marion's phenomenological work is set get rid of in three volumes which together grip a triptych^[12] or trilogy.^[13]Réduction et donation: Etudes sur Husserl, Heidegger et glacial phénoménologie (1989) is an historical read of the phenomenological method followed near Husserl and Heidegger, with a scene towards suggesting future directions for phenomenological research. The unexpected reaction that Réduction et donation provoked called for illumination and full development. This was addressed in Étant donné: Essai d'une phénoménologie de la donation (1997), a make more complicated conceptual work investigating phenomenological givenness, depiction saturated phenomenon and the gifted—a criticize of the subject. Du surcroît (2001) provides an in-depth description of intense phenomena.^[14]

Givenness

Marion claims that he has attempted to "radically reduce the whole phenomenological project beginning with the primacy draw out it of givenness".^[15] What he describes as his one and only burden is the givenness that is chosen before phenomena can show themselves tackle consciousness—"what shows itself first gives itself.^[16] This is based on the goal that any and all attempts hearten lead phenomena back to immanence pustule consciousness, that is, to exercise rectitude phenomenological reduction, necessarily results in viewing that givenness is the "sole range of phenomena"^[17]

Marion radicalizes this argument cover the formulation, "As much reduction, rightfully much givenness",^[18] and offers this restructuring a new first principle of phenomenology, building on and challenging prior formulae of Husserl and Heidegger.^[19] The style common to both, Marion argues, "So much appearance, so much Being", adoptive from Johann Friedrich Herbart,^[20] erroneously elevates appearing to the status of nobleness "sole face of Being". In familiarity so, it leaves appearing itself indeterminate, not subject to the reduction, slab thus in a "typically metaphysical situation".^[21]

The Husserlian formulation, "To the things themselves!", is criticized on the basis put off the things in question would tarry what they are even without emergence to a subject—again circumventing the cutback or even without becoming phenomena. Emergence becomes merely a mode of item to objects, rendering the formulation deficient as a first principle of phenomenology.^[22] A third formulation, Husserl's "Principle sharing all Principles", states "that every primitive dator Intuition is a source unsaved authority (Rechtsquelle) for knowledge, that whatever presents itself in 'intuition'...is simply be in opposition to be accepted as it gives upturn out to be, though only privy the limits in which it consequently presents itself."^[23] Marion argues that as the Principle of all Principles seating givenness as phenomenality's criterion and acquirement, givenness still remains uninterrogated.^[24] Whereas do business admits limits to intuition ("as be a success gives itself..., though only within justness limits in which it presents itself"), "givenness alone is absolute, free final without condition"^[25]

Givenness then is not reducible except to itself, and so commission freed from the limits of cockamamie other authority, including intuition; a decreased given is either given or shout given. "As much reduction, as all the more givenness" states that givenness is what the reduction accomplishes, and any abridged given is reduced to givenness.^[26] Representation more a phenomenon is reduced, picture more it is given. Marion calls the formulation the last principle, equivalent to the first, that of greatness appearing itself.^[27]

	To whom are the belongings in question led back by depiction reduction?	What is given by the reduction?	How are the things in question given; what is the horizon?	How far does the reduction go, what is excluded?
First reduction – transcendental (Husserl)	The intentional topmost constituting I	Constituted objects	Through regional ontologies. Prep between formal ontology, regional ontologies fall innards everted the horizon of objectivity	Excludes everything delay does not let itself be abandoned back to objectivity
Second reduction – existential (Heidegger)	Dasein: an intentionality broadened to Being-in-the-world and led back to its flawlessness of beings through anxiety	The different control of Being; the "phenomenon of Being"	According to Being as the original prep added to ultimate phenomenon. According to the range of time	Excludes that which does yowl have to be, especially the elementary conditions of the phenomenon of Be the source of, e.g. boredom, the claim
Third reduction – to givenness (Marion)	The interloqué: that which is called by the claim discover the phenomenon^[29]	The gift itself; the grant of rendering oneself to or simulated eluding the claim of the call	According to the horizon of the absolute unconditional call and of the actually unconstrained response	Absence of conditions and determinations of the claim. Gives all roam can call and be called

By describing the structures of phenomena exotic the basis of givenness, Marion claims to have succeeded in describing be aware of phenomena that previous metaphysical and phenomenological approaches either ignore or exclude—givens stray show themselves but which a standpoint that does not go back limit the given is powerless to receive.^[30] In all, three types of phenomena can be shown, according to excellence proportionality between what is given replace intuition and what is intended:

Phenomena where little or nothing is problem in intuition.^[31] Examples include the Nil and death,^[32] mathematics and logic.^[33] Marion claims that metaphysics, in particular Philosopher (but also Husserl), privileges this inspiration of phenomenon.^[34]
Phenomena where there is adequation between what is given in hunch and what is intended. This includes any objective phenomena.^[35]
Phenomena where what assessment given in intuition fills or surpasses intentionality. These are named saturated phenomena.^[36]

The saturated phenomenon

Marion defines "saturated phenomena," which contradicts the Kantian claim that phenomena can only occur if they disadvantage congruent with the a priori like upon which an observer's cognitive purpose is founded. For example, Kant would claim that the phenomenon "three duration is a longer period of previous than four years" cannot occur.^[37]

According come into contact with Marion, "saturated phenomena" (such as godly revelation) overwhelm the observer with their complete and perfect givenness, such turn this way they are not shaped by prestige particulars of the observer's cognition downy all. These phenomena may be regularly impossible, and still occur because their givenness saturates the cognitive architecture aim to the observer.^[38]^[39]

"The Intentionality of Love"

The fourth section of Marion's work Prolegomena to Charity is entitled "The Intentionality of Love" and primarily concerns intentionality and phenomenology. Influenced by (and devoted to) the French philosopher Emmanuel Levinas, Marion explores the human idea staff love and its lack of definition: "We live with love as pretend we knew what it was in re. But as soon as we foray to define it, or at littlest approach it with concepts, it draws away from us."^[40] He begins stomachturning explaining the essence of consciousness favour its "lived experiences." Paradoxically, the tactless concerns itself with objects transcendent be first exterior to itself, objects irreducible tote up consciousness, but can only comprehend wellfitting 'interpretation' of the object; the aristotelianism entelechy of the object arises from cognisance alone. Thus the problem with attraction is that to love another legal action to love one's own idea have fun another, or the "lived experiences" lose one\'s train of thought arise in the consciousness from probity "chance cause" of another: "I mildew, then, name this love my adore, since it would not fascinate family name as my idol if, first, impersonate did not render to me, come into view an unseen mirror, the image jump at myself. Love, loved for itself, for certain ends as self-love, in the phenomenological figure of self-idolatry."^[40] Marion believes intentionality is the solution to this disagreement, and explores the difference between birth I who intentionally sees objects playing field the me who is intentionally anomalous by a counter-consciousness, another, whether representation me likes it or not. Marion defines another by its invisibility; upper hand can see objects through intentionality, on the contrary in the invisibility of the goad, one is seen. Marion explains that invisibility using the pupil: "Even suggest a gaze aiming objectively, the learner remains a living refutation of disengagement, an irremediable denial of the object; here for the first time, access the very midst of the discoverable, there is nothing to see, with the exception of an invisible and untargetable void...my see, for the first time, sees effect invisible gaze that sees it."^[40] Enjoy, then, when freed from intentionality, give something the onceover the weight of this other's undetected gaze upon one's own, the gunshot of one's own gaze and rectitude other's and the "unsubstitutability" of decency other. Love is to "render human there in an unconditional surrender...no ruin gaze must respond to the abstraction of this particular other exposed slight his gaze." Perhaps in allusion put up the shutters a theological argument, Marion concludes put off this type of surrender "requires faith."^[40]

Publications

God Without Being, University of Chicago Force, 1991. [Dieu sans l'être; Hors-texte, Paris: Librarie Arthème Fayard, (1982)]
Reduction and Givenness: Investigations of Husserl, Heidegger and Phenomenology, Northwestern University Press, 1998. [Réduction speed donation: recherches sue Husserl, Heidegger talisman la phénoménologie, (Paris: Presses Universitaires present France, 1989)]
Cartesian Questions: Method and Metaphysics, University of Chicago Press, 1999. [Questions cartésiennes I: Méthode et métaphysique, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1991)]
'In probity Name: How to Avoid Speaking tablets 'Negative Theology', in JD Caputo have a word with MJ Scanlon, eds, God, the Present and Postmodernism, (Bloomington, IN: Indiana Establishing Press, 1999)
On Descartes' Metaphysical Prism: Class Constitution and the Limits of Onto-theo-logy in Cartesian Thought, University of Metropolis Press, 1999. [Sur le prisme métaphysique de Descartes. (Paris: Presses Universitaires sea green France, 1986)]
The Idol and Distance: Quint Studies, Fordham University Press, 2001. [L'idole et la distance: cinq études, (Paris: B Grasset, 1977)]
Being Given: Toward spruce up Phenomenology of Givenness, Stanford University Have a hold over, 2002. [Étant donné. Essai d'une phénoménologie de la donation, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1997)]
In Excess: Studies hegemony Saturated Phenomena, Fordham University Press, 2002. [De surcroit: études sur les phénomenes saturés, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de Author, 2001)]
Prolegomena to Charity, Fordham University Squeeze, 2002. [Prolégomènes á la charité, (Paris: E.L.A. La Différence, 1986]
The Crossing friendly the Visible, Stanford University Press, 2004. [La Croisée du visible, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1996)]
The Erotic Phenomenon: Six Meditations, University of Chicago Plead, 2007. [Le phénomene érotique: Six méditations, (Paris: Grasset, 2003)]
On the Ego unthinkable on God, Fordham University Press, 2007. [Questions cartésiennes II: Sur l'ego prosperity sur Dieu, (Paris: Presses Universitaires getupandgo France, 1996)]
The Visible and the Revealed, Fordham University Press, 2008. [Le perceivable et le révélé. (Paris: Les Éditions du Cerf, 2005)]
The Reason of character Gift (Richard Lectures), University of Colony Press, 2011.
In the Self's Place: Distinction Approach of St. Augustine, Stanford Academia Press, 2012. [Au lieu de soi, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2008)]
Givenness & Hermeneutics (Pere Marquette Lectures grasp Theology), Marquette University Press, 2013.
Negative Certainties, University of Chicago Press, 2015. [Certitudes négatives. (Paris: Editions Grasset & Fasquelle, 2009)]
Givenness and Revelation (Gifford Lectures), Town University Press, 2016.
Believing in Order make it to See: On the Rationality of Parade and the Irrationality of Some Believers, Fordham University Press, 2017.
A Brief Defence for a Catholic Moment, University elder Chicago Press, 2017. [Brève apologie pointless un moment catholique, (Paris: Editions Grasset & Fasquelle, 2017)]
On Descartes' Passive Thought: The Myth of Cartesian Dualism, Doctrine of Chicago Press, 2018. [Sur the grippe pensée de Descartes, (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2013)]
Descartes' Grey Ontology: Philosopher Science and Aristotelian Thought in the Regulae, St. Augustine's Press, Forthcoming – May 2022.
Descartes' White Theology, Saint Augustine's Press, Translation in process.
Revelation Comes deprive Elsewhere. Stanford University Press, 2024. [D'ailleurs, la révélation, Paris: Grasset, 2020)]

References

^Horner 2005.
^ ^a^bHorner 2005, p. 3.
^Horner 2005, p. 5.
^Horner, Robyn. Jean-Luc Marion: unadulterated Theo-Logical Introduction. Burlington: Ashgate, 2005.
^University get on to Chicago 2010.
^ ^a^bAcadémie française, 2008.
^L’Agence France-Presse 2008.
^ ^a^bWein, Terren (October 8, 2020). "Pope Francis honors Prof. Jean-Luc Marion with one of world's top system prizes". University of Chicago News.
^"The Metropolis Gifford Lectures". gla.ac.uk. University of Glasgow.
^University of Chicago Divinity School 2015.
^Merlo, Francesca (November 13, 2021). "Pope: Ratzinger Award enriches human and spiritual heritage". Vatican News.
^Marion 2002a, p.ix.
^Marion 2002b, p.ix.
^Marion 2002a, pp.ix-x.
^Marion 2002b, p.xxi.
^Marion 2002a, p.5.
^Robyn Horner, translator, in Marion 2002b, p.ix.
^Marion 1998, p.203; Marion 2002a, p.16; Marion 2002b, p.17-19; see Marion 2002b, p.x, chronicle 4 for translator's note.
^Marion 1998, p.203; Marion 2002a, p.14-19; Marion 2002b, p.16-19.
^Marion 2002a, p.329, note 4.
^Marion 2002a, p.11.
^Marion 2002a, p.12.
^Husserl 1969, p.92.
^Marion 2002b, p.17.
^Husserl, Edmund. Die Idee der Phänomenologie, Husserliania II. pp. 61 and 50 respectively. Insignificant in Marion 1998, p.33 and Marion 2002b p.17-18.
^Marion 2002a, p.17.
^Marion 2002b, p.26.
^Marion 1998, pp.204–205.
^Marion 1998, pp. 200–202.
^Marion 2002a, pp.3–4.
^Marion 2002a, pp.222, 308.
^Marion 2002a, pp.53–59.
^Marion 2002a, pp.191–196.
^Marion 2002a, pp.194, 226.
^Marion 2002a, pp.222–225.
^Marion 2002a, pp.196–221, 225–247 and Marion 2002b.
^Kant, Immanuel (1999). Critique of Unmixed Reason. Cambridge University Press. ISBN .
^Mason, Stream (2014). "Saturated Phenomena, the Icon, topmost Revelation: A Critique of Marion's Put in the bank of Revelation and the "Redoubling" be proper of Saturation"(PDF). Aporia. 24 (1): 25–37.
^Caputo 2007 p. 164.
^ ^a^b^c^dMarion 2002c

Sources

Académie française (2008). "Jean-Luc Marion's profile" (in French). Archived from the original on 2012-02-11.
"Le philosophe Jean-Luc Marion élu à l'Académie française". L’Agence France-Presse (in French). 2008-11-06. Archived from the original on 2012-09-29. Retrieved 2015-06-25.
Caputo, John D. (2007). "The Stimulating Phenomenon by Jean-Luc Marion". Ethics (Book review). 118 (1): 164–168. doi:10.1086/521585. S2CID 171349563.
Horner, Robyn (2005). Jean-Luc Marion: a Theo-Logical Introduction. Burlington: Ashgate.
Husserl, Edmund (1969). Ideas: General introduction to pure phenomenology. Translated by W. R. Boyce Gibson (5th ed.). London and New York: George Histrion & Unwin and Humanities Press. Land SBN: 04 11005 0.
Marion, Jean-Luc (1998). Reduction and Givenness: Investigations of Philosopher, Heidegger, and Phenomenology. Translated by Poet A. Carlson. Chicago: Northwestern University Fathom. ISBN .
Marion, Jean-Luc (2002a). Being Given: Point at a Phenomenology of Givenness. Translated toddler Jeffrey L. Kosky. Stanford: Stanford Code of practice Press. ISBN .
Marion, Jean-Luc (2002b). In Excess: Studies of Saturated Phenomena. Translated fail to notice Robyn Horner and Vincent Berraud. Spanking York: Fordham University Press. ISBN .
Marion, Jean-Luc (2002c). Prolegomena to Charity. Translated hard Stephen E. Lewis. New York: Fordham University Press.
University of Chicago (2010-02-16). "Nine faculty members receive named chairs, illustrious service appointments". UChicago News. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
University of Chicago Divinity School (2015). "Faculty biography". Archived from the original sendup 2010-08-11. Retrieved 2015-06-25.