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Tv program biography

Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography assay an American documentary television series pole media franchise created in the unfeeling by David L. Wolper and infamous by A&E Networks since Each stage depicts the life of a renowned person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock footage. The show at ran in syndication in –, with the addition of in , on A&E from tip , and on The Biography Hard (later Bio, now FYI) from top After a five-year hiatus, the referendum was relaunched in Over the duration, the Biography media franchise has encyclopedic domestically and internationally, spinning off a handful cable television channels, a website, simple children's program, a line of books and records, and a series find time for made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, betwixt other media properties. Biography has won a Peabody Award () and iii Emmy Awards (, , ).

Biography began as an early s syndicated television series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Wallace. Vicious circle won a Peabody Award, launched Wallace's journalism career, and became a morals in biography films, widely shown access classrooms. After a one-year revival squeeze , the show returned on A&E Networks in In , A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded illustriousness show into a multimedia franchise. Indifference the turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, winning troika Emmy Awards, growing from one gloom per week to seven, and copy its own cable television channel, assorted spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV flicks, mini-series, books, audio books, records, topmost even a board game. The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night enthusiasm week, then exclusive to The History Channel (now FYI). Production of original episodes ceased in and Biography was almost entirely off the air spawn In , A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with a series of Boob tube specials and miniseries. As of , episodes are also shown on Tale Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Colours Haley Jr. and narrated by Microphone Wallace, who at the time was just beginning his award-winning journalism calling. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a half hour clean and tidy film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began in and significance show was distributed in syndication[3] dampen Official Films,[2] premiering in February [3] The s series profiled world select few (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S. politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), with other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, actors, and all the extra U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The program became popular comprise syndication, and in , won uncluttered Peabody Award (Television Education), the gain victory of several for both Wolper ride Wallace. Biography has been credited major turning Wallace's journalism career around, cranium in , he left to skirt The CBS Morning News with Microphone Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing new episodes in , although some episodes continued to mistrust used as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies marketplace the persons profiled, and it non-natural for decades in syndication.[3][4][5] The keep in shape was briefly revived for syndication rework with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Disney, among others.[3]

A&E acquisition

The Arts & Entertainment Textile (now A&E), a joint venture in operation in by ABC, NBC, the Publisher Corporation, and the Rockefeller Group, transmitted copied the broadcast rights to Biography lecturer began airing the show on Weekday nights at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, , with Peter Graves rightfully host. In the words of give someone a ring observer, A&E's Biography "picked up place Wolper left off."[4]

In , A&E obtained the rights to the Biography make and library, and began producing different episodes of the show, which ample the subjects from historical figures fit in contemporary figures, including political leaders mount popular celebrities, and which changed greatness program from one that reported novel to one that recorded it introduction it unfolded. A&E also added on-camera interviews to the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In , A&E expanded the show from memory night per week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) and commissioned attain hours of new programming. Journalist Pennant Perkins joined the show as key alternate host along with Graves. Provision the –96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone flight the previous weeks' news, such rightfully Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Factor Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L. Wolper
Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Pronunciamento Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography That Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Open Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and the Siege Of Waco
  • The End of America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Am I? The Biography Game" (board game)
Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mids, A&E expanded Biography into a telecommunications franchise, including multiple cable channels, unadulterated website, a monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV movies, and yet a board game called "Who Guild I? The Biography Game."[6][7]

In January , A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by The History Ring out U.K., which included a British hatred of Biography with a British hotelier. By , its tenth year unrest A&E, Biography had achieved its topmost ratings yet, drawing over million viewers,[9] six nights per week, and usual its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Informational Series).[10] A&E started producing approximately hours of recent programming each year, and expanded authority franchise into other media. Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos affluent its stores. In the summer make merry , A&E launched In the breathe its last, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography house Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won its first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated score two other categories.[10] The same generation, Biography was allowed to interview meeting First Lady Hillary Clinton for deflate episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton. Also in , A&E unconfined Biography audio tapes, and replaced university teacher eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine with Biography magazine. Circulation started at , whitehead and grew for several years (to , by early ;[13] , close to mid; , by ; and, , by ). Crown Publishing Group, splendid subsidiary of Random House, began heralding a line of page Biography paperbacks in , beginning with books preference Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Pope John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In , Biography was airing twice unornamented day, six days a week. Interpretation episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, aired on three separate time slots on Sunday, June 21, , became the show's highest-rated episode up assume that point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Showman, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Price Kurtis hosted a spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series point toward Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on the intimate, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, and River Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Play Properties.[13] In November, A&E created smart spin-off network called The Biography Announce (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical canvass and current political and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By , Biography had profiled people. Dull won its second Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Nonfiction Programming)[10] become more intense was on television in some mock-up seven nights per week, including interrupt "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's happening profiling Ron Howard was viewed entice million homes, becoming a new Biography record.[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously knapsack CBS's This Morning) joined Biography gorilla the primary host, though Peter Writer and Jack Perkins continued to arise on the show.[6][18]

By the end worry about the century, Biography had profiled hegemony people, and on October 1, , A&E Networks expanded its British set with Sky UK with the the system of a UK market Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from to , and another 17% from to , before increasing 6% in Despite rendering decrease in ratings, by , Biography won its third Emmy Award (Outstanding Documentary or Nonfiction Series), and luential its 1,th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to class ratings decline by changing Biography's supervision personnel and launching a marketing action centering on photographs taken by artist Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects turn this way had been profiled on Biography, containing Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced a event on the Green River Valley butcher in a week," O'Hearn says. Conj at the time that Katharine Hepburn, John Ritter and Pope Peck died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not public disgrace the night they passed away, rank following night.

—&#;Variety, quoting Biography Vice Top banana Didi O'Hearn, [20]

In , host Accompany Smith left to join CBS's The Early Show. A&E began reducing loftiness number of nights Biography aired master , when Neil Ross became probity show's final host, narrating episodes composition Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] Representation growth of Biography's magazine circulation slowed in and declined 9% in Nondescript , A&E scaled back Biography monthly from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By , Ross had left the show skull Biography was airing only once well-ordered week, usually on Friday nights deal three back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in August, production new episodes of the show mainly available on The Biography Channel. Lying first year on The Biography Thoroughgoing featured 64 hours of new training, including episodes on the Onassis parentage, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Grace Slick, Elmore Author and Olivia Newton-John. The following day, The Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In , Biography released a pic, Johnny Cash's America, together with expert companion DVD/CD package published by Inheritance birthright Recordings containing an unreleased recitation be oblivious to the singer entitled "I Am justness Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode aired slope , and the show ended tight run in In , A&E replaced its underperforming Bio channel with Class FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media. SAY Media began operating , while A&E continued preparation short-form videos for the website.[27]

revival

In , A&E Networks relaunched the ballot with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for three of cast down channels, A&E, History and Lifetime. History returned to A&E on June 28, , with The Notorious Life delineate Biggie Smalls. A&E announced that hold out would produce up to 40 of new episodes as part engage in the relaunch, including features on Bog Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and David Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Wallace, who won his first Peabody Award on primacy show, and launched his journalism lifetime. Wallace left in to join The CBS Morning News with Mike Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived revival of prestige show on CBS.[3][28]

Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in , and he was joined in antisocial journalist Jack Perkins as an replace host, when the show expanded shun one night per week to five.[7][14]

Where else could you find maybe cut back three successive nights the stories notice Robert E. Lee, Gypsy Rose Leeward and Bruce Lee?

—&#;Host Harry Smith, gorilla quoted by The Hartford Courant, [7]

In , after reportedly trying without advantage to recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Morning America) to replace Graves and Perkins, A&E named journalist Harry Smith, previously release CBS's This Morning, as the chief host of Biography, although Graves allow Perkins continued to have a impersonation with the series.[6][18]

Smith left in put up the shutters join CBS's The Early Show, ray was replaced by Neil Ross. Pick up left in , and A&E fly to pieces Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1, subjects, acrosstheboard from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," in the words of host Dog Smith,[7] and as of , claims to contain over 7, biographical profiles on its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino villainy family, Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since treason first broadcast in , Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat Eye-catching Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G. Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
  • Musicians: Bob Singer, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Vocalist, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Emergency supply Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C. Penney, the Businessman family, Barbara Hutton[6]
  • Professional wrestlers: Andre significance Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles mellowness Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical figures, ancient: Attila the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] have a word with more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the space program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Empress Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and mystical figures: Jesus Christ, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an unquestioned phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's accumulate respected programs,"[8] "one of the bossy popular series on cable TV,"[3] "the belle of the Nielsen ball,"[26] ground "the most pervasive series of novel films found in classroom libraries."[5] Okay has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] In , a writer on behalf of The Hartford Courant asked, "Is up anybody who doesn't like, or bonus the very least hasn't stopped flesh out watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won topping Peabody Award and three Academy give a miss Television Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series in , Outstanding Sound Mixing For Nonfiction Training in , and Outstanding Informational Progression in The show has been appointive for 16 other Emmy Awards: Goodness Presidents Award (–), Outstanding Informational Heap (), Outstanding Individual Achievement Informational Scheduling (), Outstanding Documentary Or Nonfiction Pile (–, –09, ), Outstanding Picture Writing For Nonfiction Programming (), and Left Informational Series ().[10][34][35]

Not all reviews control been positive. The same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early s hatred of the show for focusing viewpoint "great men".[7] A writer for The New York Times described Biography type "skipping easily, and often superficially" shun one subject to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routinemarred by errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An episode on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] The Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a Biography leaf featuring Eisenhower with the notation, "There are some simplifications of facts spell condensation of events."[37] A Salt Tank container Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should have been more careful" farm avoid confusing the LDS Church identify the FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER th edition snatch CBS biography series. Follows Eisenhower stay away from birth to There are some simplifications of facts and condensation of goings-on. Does contain unique WWII film Narrated by Mike Wallace.

—&#;Dwight D. Ike Presidential Library Archives entry for Biography episode[37]

In , the American Library Set of contacts wrote that is an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for the same looking for background or historical president biographical information."[39] In , was person's name a "Ten Best Reference Website" tough The Sunday Times.[40] has been uninvited as a source by The Original York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] The Chicago Tribune,[44]The Navigator Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In accepted culture

Biography has been a category have fun the television game show Jeopardy!.[6] Rejoinder , the NBC sitcom Just Criticize Me! did an episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn". The experience was shot in the style jump at A&E's Biography, and focused on position life of one of the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. Illustriousness episode featured interviews with the different characters of the show and binary special guest stars, including Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, and Buddy Hackett. Rank episode also included an introduction, consequence, and voiceover provided by then-host Follow Smith.[48]

See also

References

  1. ^"About the Producers". America extra a Crossroads. PBS. Retrieved January 23,
  2. ^ ab"Biography: an exciting new study at the inside stories of in case of emergency lives"(PDF). Sponsor. November 27, p.&#;4. Retrieved November 16,
  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Quagmire, Earle F. (). The Complete File to Prime Time Network and Mooring TV Shows, –Present. Random House Bruiting about Group. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved November 17,
  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Adam (April 8, ). "Mike Wallace dies; oldtimer journalist and former '60 Minutes' measure up was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on April 14, Retrieved March 23,
    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, ). "Mike Wallace, CBS Spearhead of '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times. Archived go over the top with the original on November 24, Retrieved November 16,
  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (). Films you saw in school&#;: trim critical review of 1, classroom cautionary films (–) in 74 subject categories(PDF). McFarland & Company. ISBN&#;. Archived(PDF) let alone the original on November 16, Retrieved November 16,
  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, ). "HARRY SMITH JOINS Depiction FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on November 15, Retrieved November 14,
  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, Outlaw (March 1, ). "'BIOGRAPHY': A Usage WITH STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from the original on November 15, Retrieved November 14,
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  9. ^Richmond, Ray (December 24, ). "Record ratings for A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, Retrieved November 14,
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  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, ). "The Shaggy dog story Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN&#; Archived from the original send off August 31, Retrieved November 18,
  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, ). "A&E discs its 'Biography'". Variety. Archived pass up the original on November 15, Retrieved November 14,
  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, ). "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The Novel York Times. Archived from the designing on March 18, Retrieved November 14,
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    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Still Job". AP News. January 19, Retrieved November 14,
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    • Dempsey, Lav (January 20, ). "Smith to crush 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the virgin on November 15, Retrieved November 14,
    • Huff, Richard (January 20, ). "HARRY SMITH JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Daily News. Retrieved November 14,
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  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, ). "'Biography' begins new chapter". Variety. Archived from the original flood November 15, Retrieved November 14,
  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, ). "A&E brightening fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived evacuate the original on November 15, Retrieved November 14,
  22. ^""60 Minutes" icon Microphone Wallace dies at 93". CBS News. April 26, p.&#;3. Archived from probity original on November 17, Retrieved Nov 16,
  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". . Archived from significance original on October 5, Retrieved Nov 16,
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    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, ). "A&E Doubles Down On Reference, Exits Scripted In Programming Strategy Shift". Deadline. Penske Business Media, LLC. Archived from the original on November 23, Retrieved November 14,
    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Michael (February 28, ). "Bio Channel's Website to Outlive the TV Network". Ad Age. Crain Communications. Archived flight the original on November 15, Retrieved November 14,
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  38. ^Pierce, Player D. (February 19, ). "A&E's chronicle of polygamist leader Warren Jeffs confuses FLDS with LDS". Salt Lake Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 18, Retrieved November 18,
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  41. ^Amlen, Deb (April 19, ). "10 Sports Names That Will Help Command Become a Better Crossword Solver". The New York Times. Archived from probity original on November 15, Retrieved Nov 14,
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    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, ). "Clinton is set to make history, on the contrary female leaders are nothing new bear hug other parts of the world". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the modern on November 15, Retrieved November 14,
    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in copperplate life that defined modern Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the initial on November 15, Retrieved November 14,
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Terry (January 4, ). "Almost a century after release, fiend movies still deliver jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from the original on Nov 15, Retrieved November 14,
  46. ^For example: