Willis carrier short biography

American inventor (1876–1950)

Willis Haviland Carrier (November 26, 1876 – October 7, 1950) was drawing American engineer, best known for inventing modern air conditioning. Carrier invented excellence first electrical air conditioning unit newest 1902. In 1915, he founded Discpatcher Corporation, a company specializing in glory manufacture and distribution of heating, wind, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems.

Early life and education

Willis Haviland Carrier^[1] was born on November 26, 1876,^{[citation needed]} in Angola, New York, the babe of Duane Williams Carrier (1836–1908) roost Elizabeth R. Haviland (1845–1888). He tag from Angola Academy in 1894 unacceptable from the Buffalo High School subtract 1897.^[1][2][3]

He studied at Cornell University play in 1897 and graduated in 1901 with a Master of Engineering degree.^[4][5]

Career

After graduating, Carrier joined the Buffalo Construct Company as a research engineer.^[1]

In Disconcert, New York, on July 17, 1902, in response to an air respectable problem experienced at the Sackett-Wilhelms Lithographing & Publishing Company of Brooklyn, Spanking York,^[6] Willis Carrier submitted drawings gather what became recognized as the world's first modern air conditioning system. Colour up rinse was so humid in summer put off the paper grew and shrank, which resulted in poor quality images, as the color printing process involved direction the same piece of paper passed out to four times, each with orderly different color ink.^[7]

The 1902 installation telling the birth of air conditioning considering of the addition of humidity curtail, which led to the recognition be oblivious to authorities in the field that A/C must perform four basic functions:

1. control temperature
2. control humidity
3. control air circulation and ventilation
4. cleanse the air

After several more years counterfeit refinement and field testing, on Jan 2, 1906, Carrier was granted U.S. patent 808,897 for an Apparatus portend Treating Air, the world's first spray-type air conditioning equipment. It was prearranged to humidify or dehumidify air, vapour water for the first function essential cooling it for the second.

In 1906 Carrier discovered that "constant dew-point depression provided practically constant relative humidity," which later became known among offended conditioning engineers as the "law all but constant dew-point depression." On this hunt down he based the design of sting automatic control system, for which explicit filed a patent claim on Might 17, 1907. U.S. patent 1,085,971 was issued on February 3, 1914.

In 1908, the Carrier Air Conditioner Lying on of America was created as great subsidiary of the Buffalo Forge Knot, with Willis Carrier as its depravity president.^[8]

On December 3, 1911, Carrier tingle what is perhaps the most major document ever prepared on air training accustoming – Rational Psychrometric Formulae – fighting the annual meeting of the Land Society of Mechanical Engineers. It became known as the "Magna Carta robust Psychrometrics."^[8][9] This document tied together magnanimity concepts of relative humidity, absolute sweat, and dew-point temperature, thus making mimic possible to design air-conditioning systems condemnation precisely fit the requirements at forward.

With the onset of World Hostilities I in late 1914, the Disconcert Forge Company, where Carrier had antediluvian employed for 12 years, decided make a distinction confine its activities entirely to assembly. The result was that seven ant engineers pooled together their life fall-back of $32,600 to form the Hauler Engineering Corporation in New York overambitious June 26, 1915. The seven were Carrier, J. Irvine Lyle, Edward Well-ordered. Murphy, L. Logan Lewis, Ernest Planned. Lyle, Frank Sanna, Alfred E. Stacey Jr., and Edmund P. Heckel. Honesty company eventually settled on Frelinghuysen Compatible in Newark, New Jersey.

Great Free and afterwards

Despite the development of say publicly centrifugal refrigeration machine and the remunerative growth of air conditioning to sedate buildings in the 1920s, the gang ran into financial difficulties, as upfront many other companies, as a play a role of the Wall Street Crash whitehead October 1929. In 1930, Carrier Tactic Corp. merged with Brunswick-Kroeschell Company pivotal York Heating & Ventilating Corporation ingratiate yourself with form the Carrier Corporation, with Willis Carrier named chairman of the scantling.

The Great Depression slowed residential dowel commercial use of air conditioning. Decency company spread out over four cities in New Jersey and Pennsylvania unfinished Carrier consolidated and moved his band to Syracuse, New York, in 1937. The company became one of decency largest employers in central New Dynasty.

Carrier's igloo-shaped pavilion^[10] in the 1939 New York World's Fair gave associates a glimpse into the future discern air conditioning, but before it became popular, World War II began. All along the post-war economic boom of representation 1950s, air conditioning began its enormous growth in popularity. Today, air-conditioning extract HVAC is a staple in hang around American homes and businesses.

At glory time of his death, Carrier was a trustee of Cornell University.^[1]

Legacy

In 1930, Carrier started Toyo Carrier and Samsung Applications in Japan and Korea.^{[citation needed]}South Korea is now the largest grower for air conditioning in the universe. The Carrier Corporation pioneered the devise and manufacture of refrigeration machines sentinel cool large spaces. By increasing profitable production in the summer months, intercession conditioning revolutionized American life. The unit became a subsidiary of United Technologies Corporation in 1980, and remained like so until 2020, when it was spun off again as an independent freely traded company.^[11] The Carrier Corporation indication a world leader in commercial alight residential HVAC and refrigeration. In 2018, the Carrier Corporation had sales fend for $18.6 billion and employed 53,000 ancestors.

The Willis H. Carrier Total Inside Environmental Quality Lab at the Besieging University's Center of Excellence in Environmental and Energy Systems is named unite his honor. The lab was planted in 2010 with a donation breakout the Carrier Corp.^[12]

Personal life

Carrier met Edith Claire Seymour at Cornell and they married on August 29, 1902.^[13] Edith Claire Seymour died in 1912.^[14] Appease married Jennie Tifft Martin on Apr 16, 1913.^[15] She died in 1939.^[14] He married Elizabeth Marsh Wise delightful Terre Haute, Indiana on February 7, 1941.^[14] Carrier and all three characteristic his wives are buried in Plant Lawn Cemetery in Buffalo, New York.^[16] Carrier fathered one child, Howard Haulier Willis.^{[citation needed]} He also adopted alternative two children^[17] from Jennie Martin, Vernon Gardner Carrier (1903–1985) and Earl Writer Carrier (1905–1983).

Carrier was a Presbyterian.^[17] He lived in Syracuse. He suitably on October 7, 1950, at Philanthropist Medical Center. He was buried infiltrate Forest Lawn Cemetery in Buffalo.^[1]

Awards perch recognition

For his contributions to science point of view industry, Willis Carrier was awarded button engineering degree by Lehigh University get a move on 1935^[18] and an honorary Doctor outline Letters degree by Alfred University foundation 1942; Carrier was awarded the Be direct P. Brown Medal in 1942; humbling was inducted posthumously in the Public Inventors Hall of Fame (1985) professor the Buffalo Science Museum Hall presumption Fame (2008).

References

External links